Section Twenty

Corporate Science and Technology Strategy

 

TOPICS COVERED IN THE SECTION INCLUDE:

Modified: November 14, 2021

Abetti, P.A., "The Impact of Convergent and Divergent Technological and Market Strategies on Core Competencies and Core Rigidities: an Exploratory Study", International Journal of Technolgy Management, Vol. 11, Nos. 3/4, 1996, pp. 412-424

Abetti, P.A., "Technology: A Key Strategic Resource", Management Review, Vol. 78, No. 2, February, 1989, pp. 37-41

Abetti, P.A., "Linking Technology and Business Strategy", New York: American Management Association, 1989

Abita, J.L., "Technology: Development to Production", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-32, No. 3, August, 1985, pp. 129-131

Acar, William and Melcher, A.J., "The Implementation of Innovative Strategies", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 4, No. 6, 1989, pp. 631-651

Adler, P. and Ferdows, K., "The Chief Technology Officer", California Management Review, Vol. 32, No. 3, 1990, pp. 55-62

Adler, P.S. and Shenbar, Aaron, "Adapting Your Technological Base: The Organizational Challenge", Sloan Management Review, Vol. 32, No. 1, Fall, 1990, pp. 25-37

Adler, P.S., McDonald, D.W. and MacDonald, Fred, "Strategic Management of Technical Functions", Sloan Management Review, Vol. 33, No. 2, Winter, 1992, pp. 19-37

Adner, Ron and Levinthal, Daniel A., "The Emergence of Emerging Technologies", California Management Review, Vol. 45, No. 1, Fall, 2002, pp. 50-66

Advani, Rahul N., Anderson, Michael, Bowling, Stephen, Doane, Donna, and Roberts, Edward. B., "Technology Strategy of Defence Industry Acquisitions: A Comparative Assessment of Two Giants", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 15, No. 8, 1998, pp. 781-804

Afuah, A., "Innovation Management Strategies, Implementation and Profits", Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998

Airaghi, Giuliano, "The Role of Technology Strategy in Industrial Strategies", R&D Management, Vol. 26, No. 3, July, 1996, pp. 197-198

Akhtar, Khalid and Tabucanon, Mario T., "A Framework for Manufacturing Strategy Analysis in the Wake of Reducing Product Life-cycles: A Case of a Multinational in a Newly Industrializing Country", Technovation, Vol. 13, No. 5, July, 1993, pp. 265-281

Albala, Americo and Rubenstein, A.H., "Significant Issues for the Future of Product Innovation", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 11, No. 2, March, 1994, pp. 156-161

Albright, Richard E. and Kappel, Thomas A., "Roadmapping in the Corporation", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 46, No. 2, March-April, 2003, pp. 31-40

Alegre-Vidal, Joaquin, Lapiedra-Alcami, Rafael and Chiva-Gomez, Ricardo, "Linking Operations Strategy and Product Innovation: an Empirical Study of Spanish Ceramic Tile Producers", Research Policy, Vol. 33, No. 5, July, 2004, pp. 829-839

Alestalo, Marja, "Patterns of Influence in Research Work: The Problems of Autonomy and Democracy", R&D Management, Vol. 9, Special Issue, 1979, pp. 221-230

Alic, J.A. and Miller, R.R., "Commercial Technology Strategies in High-Temperature Superconductivity: The USA and Japan", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 4, No. 6, 1989, pp. 653-664

Allio, R.J. and Sheehan, Desmond, "Allocating R&D Resources Effectively", Research Management, Vol. 27, No. 4, July-August, 1984, pp. 14-20

Allred, Brent B. and Park, Walter G., "The Influence of Patent Protection on Firm Innovation Investment in Manufacturing Industries", Journal of International Management, Vol. 13, No. 2, June, 2007, pp. 91-109

Allred, B.B. and Swanks, K.S., "Contextual Influences on International Subsidiaries' Product Technology Strategy", Journal of International Management, Vol. 10, No. 2 (Special Issue), 2004, pp. 259-286

Angus, F. Raymond, Goodman, Alan L., Pfund, Phil, Wasson, Robert, Wyndrum and Zoller, Walter M., "Reengineering for Revenue Growth", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 39, No. 2, March-April, 1996, pp. 26-31

Ansoff, H. and Stewart, M., "Strategies for a Technology-Based Business", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 45, No. 6, November- December, 1967, pp. 71-83

Aram, J.D., "Innovation Via the R&D Underground", Research Management, Vol. 16, No. 6, November, 1973, pp. 24-26

Armstrong, John, "It's Possible To Spend Too Much on RD&E", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 40, No. 5, September-October, 1997, pp. 10-11

Ashton, W.B. and Sen, R.K., "Using Patent Information in Technology Business Planning", Part I, Research- Technology Management, Vol. 31, No. 6, November-December, 1988, pp. 42-46; Part II, Vol. 32, No. 1, January-February, 1989, pp. 36-42

Atlee, F.V., "When Research Directors Take Off their Lab Coats", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 35, No. 3, May-June, 1992, pp. 25-27

Atuahene-Gima, Kwaku and Patterson, Paul, "Managerial Perceptions of Technology Licensing as an Alternative to Internal R&D in New Product Development: An Empirical Investigation", R&D Management, Vol. 23, No. 4, October, 1993, pp. 327-336

Baba, Yasunori, "The Dynamics of Continuous Innovation in Scale- Intensive Industries", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, January-February, 1989, pp. 89-100

Baba, Yasunori, Kikuchi, Jun-ichi and Mori, Shunsuke, "Japan's R&D Strategy Reconsidered: Departure from the Manageable Risks", Technovation, Vol. 15, No. 2, March, 1995, pp. 65-78

Bahrami, Homa and Evans, Stuart, "Strategy Making in High-Technology Firms: The Empiricist Mode", California Management Review, Vol. 31, No. 2, Winter, 1989, pp. 107-128

Baker Jr., F.E., "Strategic Planning in a U.S. Federal Agency", Long Range Planning, Vol. 25, No. 5, October, 1992, pp. 73-79

Balakrishnan, Srinivasan and Wernerfelt, Birger, "Technical Change, Competition and Vertical Integration", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 7, No. 4, July-August, 1986, pp. 347-359

Balderston, Jack, "Dealing with Administrative Support", Journal of the Society of Research Administrators, Vol. 15, No. 3, Winter, 1984, pp. 5-19

Baldwin, John R. and Johnson, Joanne, "Business Strategies in More- and Less-intensive Firms in Canada", Research Policy, Vol. 25, No. 5, August, 1996, pp. 785-804

Barker, Derek and Smith, David J.H., "Technology Foresight Using Roadmaps", Long Range Planning, Vol. 28, No. 2, April, 1995, pp. 21-28

Barnett, Michael L., "Paying Attention to Real Options", R&D Management, Vol. 35, No. 1, January, 2005, pp. 61-72

Barnholt, Edward W.,"Fostering Business Growth with Breakthrough Innovation", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 40, No. 2, March-April, 1997, pp. 12-16

Barpal, I.R., "Business-Driven Technology for a Technology-Based Firm", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 33, No. 4, July- August, 1990, pp. 27-30

Barrett, Christie W., van Biljon, Peet and Musso, Christopher, "R&D Strategies in Emerging Economies: Results from the McKinsey Global Survey", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 54, No. 4, July-August, 2011, pp. 17-22

Barrett, Craig, "Smart People, Smart Ideas and the Right Environment Drive Innovation", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 53, No. 1, January-February, 2010, pp. 40-43

Barrett, T.H., "Research and Manufacturing Share a Common World", Research Management, Vol. 29, No. 2, March-April, 1986, pp. 23-25

Bart, Christopher K., "A Comparison of Mission Statements and their Rationales in Innovative and Non-innovative Firms", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 16, Nos. 1-3, 1998, pp. 64-77

Baysinger, B. and Hoskisson, R.E., "Diversification Strategy and R&D Intensity in Multiproduct Firms", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 32, 1989, pp. 310-332

Baysinger, B.D., Kosnik, R.D. and Turk, T.A., "Effects of Board and Ownership Structure on Corporate R&D Strategy", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 34, No. 1, March, 1991, pp. 205-214

Bean, A.S. and Romagosa, Enrique, "Organizational Structure and Technology Transfer in a Large Decentralized Firm", Working Paper, Office of National R&D Assessment, National Science Foundation, Washington, DC, March, 1976

Beath, John, Katsoulacos, Yannis and Ulph, David, "Strategic R&D Policy", The Economic Journal, Vol. 99, No. 395, Supplement, 1989, pp. 74-83

Becker, R.H. and Speltz, L.M., "Making More Explicit Forecasts", Research Management, Vol. 29, No. 4, July-August, 1986, pp. 21-23

Bemelmans, M.A., "Strategic Planning for Research and Development", Long Range Planning, Vol. 12, No. 2, April, 1979, pp. 33- 44

Berenson, Conrad, "The R&D:Marketing Interface - A General Analogue Model for Technology Diffusion", Journal of Marketing, Vol. 32, No. 2, April, 1968, pp. 8-15

Bergen, S.A., "Productivity and the R&D/Production Interface", Ashgate Publishing Co., 1983

Bergen, S.A., "The R&D/Production Interface - United Kingdom and West German Practices and Achievements in the Scientific Instrument Industry", R&D Management, Vol. 12, No. 1, January, 1982, pp. 21-25

Bergen, S.A. and McLaughlin, C.P., "The R&D/Production Interface: A Four-Country Comparison", International Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 8, No. 7, 1988, pp. 5-13

Bergen, S.A. and Miyajima, R., "Productivity and the R&D/Production Interface in Japan", R&D Management, Vol. 16, No. 1, January, 1986, pp. 15-24

Bergen, S.A., Miyajima, R. and McLaughlin, C.P., "The R&D/Production Interface in Four Developed Countries", R&D Management, Vol. 18, No. 3, July, 1988, pp. 201-216

Berman, Evan, Vasconcellos, Eduardo and Werther Jr., William B., "Executive Levers for the Strategic Management of Technology", Business Horizons, Vol. 37, No. 1, January-February, 1994, pp. 53-61

Berman, S.I., "Integrating the R&D Department into the Business Team", Research Management, Vol. 16, No. 4, July, 1973, pp. 16-19

Berry, Maureen M.J. and Taggart, James H., "Combining Technology and Corporate Strategy in Small High Tech Firms", Research Policy, Vol. 26, Nos. 7/8, April, 1998, pp. 883-895

Bers, John A., "Toward a Strategic-Repositioning Model for Defense and Aerospace Contractors", The Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 18, Nos. 1/2, Winter-Spring, 1993, pp. 67-83

Bers, John A., Lynn, Gary S. and Spurling, Curtis, "A Computer Simulation Model for Emerging Technology Business Planning and Forecasting", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18, Nos. 1/2, 1999, pp. 31-45

Betz, Frederick, "Strategic Technology Management", New York: McGraw-Hill, 1993

Bhalla, S.K., "The Effective Management of Technology: A Challenge for Corporations", Battelle, 1987

Bhardwaj, Gunjan, Agrawal, Anshit and Tyagi, Rupesh, "Combination Therapies or Standalone Interventions? Innovation Options for Pharmaceutical Firms Fighting Cancer", International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 19, No. 3, June, 2015, pp.

Biller, A.D. and Shanley, E.S., "Understanding the Conflicts Between R&D and Other Groups", Research Management, Vol. 18, No. 5, September, 1975, pp. 16-21

Birnbaum, P.H., "Strategic Management of Industrial Technology: A Review of the Issues", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-31, No. 4, November, 1984, pp. 188-189

Birnbaum-More, P.H., Weiss, A.R. and Wright, R.W., "How Do Rivals Compete: Strategy, Technology and Tactics", Research Policy, Vol. 23, No. 3, May, 1994, pp. 249-266

Bishop, Tony and Onassis, Iason, "Gene Therapy for Tortoises", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 44, No. 6, November-December, 2001, pp. 16-21

Bitondo, Domenic, "The Bendix Approach to Corporate R&D", Advanced Management Journal, Vol. 42, No. 4, Fall, 1977, pp. 32-40

Bitondo, D. and Frohman, A.L., "Linking Technological and Business Planning", Research Management, Vol. 24, No. 6, November, 1981, pp. 19-23

Bodelle, Jacques, "Why Corporate Research? The Case of Elf Aquitaine", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 34, No. 5, September-October, 1991, pp. 33-37

Boisot, Max H., "Is Your Firm a Creative Destroyer? Competitive Learning and Knowledge Flows in the Technological Strategies of Firms", Research Policy, Vol. 24, No. 4, July, 1995, pp. 489-506

Boisot, Max, Lemmon, Terry, Griffiths, Dorothy and Mole, Veronica, "Spinning a Good Yarn: the Identification of Core Competencies at Courtaulds", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 11, Nos. 3/4, 1996, pp. 425-440

Bolton, M.K., "Imitation Versus Innovation: Lessons to be Learned from the Japanese", Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 21, No. 3, Winter, 1993, pp. 30-45

Bonaccorsi, Andrea, Pammolli, Fabio, Paoli, Massimo, and Tani, Simone, "Nature of Innovation and Technology Management in System Companies", R&D Management, Vol. 29, No. 1, January, 1999, pp. 57-69

Bone, Steve and Saxon, Tim, "Developing Effective Technology Strategies", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 43, No. 4, July-August, 2000, pp. 50-58

Bourgeois III, L.J. and Eisenhardt, K.M., "Strategic Decision Processes in High Velocity Environments: Four Cases in the Microcomputer Industry", Management Science, Vol. 34, No. 7, July, 1988, pp. 816-835

Bowander, B. and Miyake, T., "Technology Strategy of Toshiba Corporation: a Knowledge Evolution Perspective", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 19, Nos. 7/8, 2000, pp. 864-895

Bowander, B. and Miyake, T., "R&D and Business Strategy: Analysis of Practices at Canon", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 13, Nos. 7/8, 1997, pp. 833-852

Bowonder, B., "Competitive and Technology Management Strategy: A Case Study of TELCO", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 15, Nos. 6/7, 1998, pp. 646-680

Bower, Joseph L. and Christensen, Clayton M., "Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 73, No. 1, January-February, 1995, pp. 43-53

Bozeman, Barry and Link, Albert, "Investments in Technology: Corporate Strategies and Public Policy Alternatives", New York: Praeger, 1983

Bozeman, B., Crow, M. and Link, A., eds., "Strategic Management of Industrial R&D", Lexington, MA: Lexington, 1984

Braganza, Ashley, Awazu, Yukika and Desouza, Kevin C., "Sustaining Innovation is Challenge for Incumbents", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 52, No. 4, July-August, 2009, pp. 46-56

Brander, J.A. and Spencer, B.J., "Strategic Commitment with R&D: The Symmetric Case", The Bell Journal of Economics, Vol. 14, No. 1, Spring, 1983, pp. 225-235

Braunstein, David M. and Salsamendi, Miren C., "R&D Planning at ARCO Chemical", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 37, No. 5, September-October, 1994, pp. 33-37

Bray, O.H. and Garcia, M.L., "Technology Roadmapping: the Integration of Strategic and Technology Planning for Competitiveness", in Proceedings of the Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology, July 27-31, 1997

Brockhoff, Klaus, "Technology Management as Part of Strategic Planning - Some Empirical Results", R&D Management, Vol. 28, No. 3, July, 1998, pp. 129-138

Brockhoff, Klaus and Chakrabarti, A. K., "R&D/Marketing Linkage and Innovation Strategy: Some West German Experience", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 35, No. 3, August, 1988, pp. 167-174

Brockhoff, Klaus, Chakrabarti, Alok K. and Kirchgeorg, Manfred, "Corporate Strategies in Environmental Management", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 42, No. 4, July-August, 1999, pp. 26-30

Brockhoff, Klaus K., Ernst, Holger and Hundhausen, Eckhard, "Gains and Pains from Licensing - Patent-portfolios as Strategic Weapons in the Cardiac Rhythm Management Industry", Technovation, Vol. 19, No. 10, October, 1999, pp. 605-614

Brook, John and Brewster, Phillip, "Putting the C in R&D - Customer Focus for Technologists", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 17, No. 6, 1999, pp. 639-645

Brown Jr., Arthur, Osborn, Twila, Chan, James M., and Jaganathan, Venkat, "Managing Intellectual Capital", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 48, No. 6, November-December, 2005, pp. 34-41

Brown, A.E. and Osdene, T.S., "Twelve Ways to Improve R&D - Corporate Relations", Research Management, Vol. 13, No. 3, May, 1970, pp. 183-190

Brown, Bruce, "Why Innovation Matters", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 53, No. 6, November-December, 2010, pp. 18-23

Brown Jr., J.R., "Corporate Strategy on Research", Proceedings of the 18th National Conference on the Administration of Research, Princeton, NJ, September, 1964, pp. 111-115

Brown, John S., Seeing Differently: A Role for Pioneering Research", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 41, No. 3, May-June, 1998, pp. 24-33

Brown, Shona L. and Eisenhardt, Kathleen M., "Competing on the Edge: Strategy as Structured Chaos", Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1998

Brown, W.B. and Schwab, R.C., "Boundary-Spanning Activities in Electronics Firms", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-31, No. 3, August, 1984, pp. 105-111

Brownlie, D.T., "The Role of Technology Forecasting and Planning: Formulating Business Strategy", Industrial Management & Data Systems, Vol. 92, No. 2, 1992, pp. 3-16

Brownlie, D.T., "The Strategic Management of Technology: A New Wave of Market-led Pragmatism or a Return to Product Orientation?", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 21, No. 9, 1987, pp. 45-65

Brownlie, D.T. and Macbeth, D.K., "The Strategic Management of Technology: Integrating Technology Supply and Demand Perspectives", European Management Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, March, 1989, pp. 71-83

Buckler, Sheldon A., "The Spiritual Nature of Innovation", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 40, No. 2, March-April, 1997, pp. 43-47

Buggie, F.D., "To Prosper, It's Not Enough to be `Market-driven'", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 36, No. 3, May-June, 1993, pp. 36-40

Buggie, F.D., "Broaden the Search for Clues to Product Commercialization", Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 10, No. 6, November/December, 1989, pp. 37-40

Bulat, T.J., "Ways to Better Liaison Between Corporate Research and Operations", Research Management, Vol. 22, No. 1, January, 1979, pp. 35-36

Burgelman, R.A., "Intraorganizational Ecology of Strategy Making and Organizational Adaptation: Theory and Field Research", Organization Science, Vol. 2, No. 3, August, 1991, pp. 239-262

Burgelman, R.S. and Rosenbloom, R.A., "Technology Strategy: An Evolutionary Process Perspective", in Research on Technological Innovation, Management, and Policy, (Vol. 4), R.A. Rosenbloom and R.S. Burgelman, eds., Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1989

Burns, Tom, "Research, Development and Production: Problems of Conflict and Cooperation", IRE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. EM-8, No. 1, March, 1961, pp. 15-23

Burton, R.M. and Forsyth, J.D., "Variety and the Firm's Performance: An Empirical Investigation", Technovation, Vol. 5, Nos. 1- 3, October, 1986, pp. 9-21

Burton, R.M. and Namm, D.H., "Fitting the Strategic Planning Process to Organization: A Clinical Study of Burroughs Wellcome Co.", Technovation, Special Issue, Vol. 8, Nos. 1-3, Ch. 9, 1988, pp. 143-154

Butler, J.E., "Theories of Technological Innovation as Useful Tools for Corporate Strategy", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 9, No. 1, January-February, 1988, pp. 15-29

Butler, O.B., "What Marketing Expects from R&D", Research Management, Vol. 19, No. 1, January, 1976, pp. 7-9

Butler, R.J., Coates, P.D., Pike, R.H., Price, D.H.R. and Turner, R.S., "Competitive Strategies and New Technology: An Empirical Investigation in the UK Polymer Processing Industry", R&D Management, Vol. 26, No. 4, October, 1996, pp. 335-343

Calori, Roland, "Effective Strategies in Emerging Industries", Long Range Planning, Vol. 18, No. 3, June, 1985, pp. 55-61

Calori, R. and Noel, R., "Successful Strategies in French High- Technology Companies", Long Range Planning, Vol. 19, No. 6, December, 1986, pp. 54-65

Cannon, Peter, "Integrative Planning and Communication of Research", Research Management, Vol. 27, No. 3, May-June, 1984, pp. 20-22

Cantwell, John and Janne, Odile, "Technological Globalisation and Innovative Centres: the Role of Corporate Technological Leadership and Locational Hierarchy", Research Policy, Vol. 28, Nos. 2/3, March, 1999, pp. 119-144

Cantwell, John and Santangelo, Grazia D., "The Boundaries of Firms in the New Economy: M&As as a Strategic Tool Toward Corporate Technological Diversification", Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Vol. 17, No. 2, June, 2006, pp. 174-199

Carayannis, Elias G. and Alexander, Jeffrey, "The Wealth of Knowledge: Converting Intellectual Property to Intellectual Capital in Co-opetitive Research and Technology Management Settings", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18, Nos. 3/4, 1999, pp. 326-352

Carlsson, Matts, "Aspects of the Integration of Technical Functions for Efficient Product Development", R&D Management, Vol. 21, No. 1, January, 1991, pp. 55-66

Carroad, P.A. and Carroad, C.A., "Strategic Interfacing of R&D and Marketing", Research Management, Vol. 25, No. 1, January, 1982, pp. 28-33

Casas, Rosalba, "Between Traditions and Modernity: Technolgical Strategies at Three Tequila Firms", Technology in Society, Vol. 28, No. 3, August, 2006, pp. 407-419

Case, Randolph H., "Managing Risk in Pharmaceutical R&D", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 53, No. 2, March-April, 2010, pp. 24-32

Cesaroni, Fabrizio, "Technology Strategies in the Knowledge Economy: The Licensing Activity of Himont", International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, June, 2003, pp. 223-245

Cesaroni, Fabrizio, Di Minin, Alberto and Piccaluga, Andrea, "New Strategic Goals and Organizational Solutions in Large R&D Labs: Lessons from Centro Ricerche Fiat and Telecom Italia Lab", R&D Management, Vol. 34, No. 1, January, 2004, pp. 45-56

Chakrabarti, A.K., "Managing High Technology R&D: Some Critical Strategic Issues", in Managing High Technology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, B.W.Mar, W.T. Newell, and B.O. Saxberg, eds., New York: Elsevier Science Publishing, 1985, pp. 7-12

Chakrabarti, A.K. and Weisenfeld, Ursula, "An Empirical Analysis of Innovation Strategies of Biotechnology Firms in the U.S.", Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Vol. 8, Nos. 3/4, December, 1991, pp. 243-260

Chakrabarti, A. and Weisenfeld, U., "Marketing and R&D Strategies for Biotechnology Firms in the U.S.A.", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, Vol. 1, No. 4, 1989, pp. 357-366

Chanaron, J.J., "Strategy and Management of Technological Resources", Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Management of Technology, Miami, FL, February 17-21, 1992, Norcross, GA: Industrial Engineering and Management Press, Vol. 1, pp. 213-222

Chapas, Richard B., "Sustainability is an Opportunity - Seize It", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 46, No. 1, January-February, 2003, pp. 8-9

Chapelet, Bernard and Tovstiga, George, "Development of a Research Methodology for Assessing a Firm's Business Process-related Technologies", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 15, Nos. 1/2, 1998, pp. 10-30

Chataway, Joanna, Tait, Joyce and Wield, David, "Understanding Company R&D Strategies in Agro-biotechnology: Trajectories and Blind Spots", Research Policy, Vol. 33, Nos. 6/7, September, 2004, pp. 1041-1057

Chen, Chung-Jen and Lin, Bou-Wen, "The Effects of Environment, Knowledge Attribute, Organizational Climate, and Firm Characteristics on Knowledge Sourcing Decisions", R&D Management, Vol. 34, No. 2, March, 2004, pp. 137-146

Chen, Shin-Horng, "Decision-making in Research and Development Collaboration", Research Policy, Vol. 26, No. 1, March, 1997, pp. 121-135

Cheng, J.L.C., "A Study of Coordination in Three Research Settings", R&D Management, Vol. 9, Special Issue, 1979, pp. 213-219

Chesbrough, Henry, "Managing Open Innovation", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 47, No. 1, January-February, 2004, pp. 23-26

Chesbrough, Henry, "Graceful Exits and Foregone Opportunities: Xerox's Management of Its Technology Spinoff Organizations", Business History Review, Vol. 76, No. 4, Winter, 2002, pp. 803-838

Chester, Arthur N., "Aligning Technology with Business Strategy", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 37, No. 1, January-February, 1994, pp. 25-32

Chiesa, Vittorio, "R&D Strategy and Organization", London: Imperial College Press, 2001

Chiesa, Vittorio, "Technology Development Control Styles in Multinational Corporations: A Case Study", Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Vol. 16, No. 2, June, 1999, pp. 191-206

Chiesa, Vittorio and Barbeschi, M., "Technology Strategy in Competence-based Competition", in Competence-Based Competition, G. Hamel and A. Heene, eds, Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 1994, pp. 293-314

Chiesa, Vittorio and Manzini, Raffaella, "Towards a Framework for Dynamic Technology Strategy", Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 10, No. 1, March, 1998, pp. 111-129

Chiesa, Vittorio, Manzini, Raffaella and Pizzurno, Emanuele, "The Externalisation of R&D Activities and the Growing Market of Product Development Services", R&D Management, Vol. 34, No. 1, January, 2004, pp. 65-75

Chiesa, Vittorio, Giglioli, Enrico and Manzini, Raffaella, "R&D Corporate Planning: Selecting the Core Technological Competencies", Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 11, No. 2, June, 1999, pp. 255-279

Cho, Chanwoo, Yoon, Byungan, Co, Byoung-Youl and Lee, Sungioo, "An Empirical Analysis on Purposes, Drivers and Activities of Technology Opportunity Discovery: the Case of Korean SMEs in the Manufacturing Sector", R&D Management, Vol. 46, No. 1, January, 2016, pp. 13-35

Cho, Hyun-Dae, Lee, Jae-Keun and Ro, Kony-Kyun, "Environment and Technology Strategy of Firms in Government R&D Programmes in Korea", Technovation, Vol. 16, No. 10, October, 1996, pp. 553-560

Cho, Yonghee, Yoon, Seong-Pil and Kim, Karp-Soo, "An Industrial Technology Roadmap for Supporting Public R&D Planning", Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 107, June, 2016, pp. 1-12

Chowdhry, Uma, "Transforming American Industry", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 54, No. 6, November-December, 2011, pp. 18-24

Christensen, Clayton, "Managing Disruption: An Interview by James Euchner", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 54, No. 1, January-February, 2011, pp. 11-17

Christensen, Clayton M., Musso, Christopher S. and Anthony, Scott D., "Maximizing the Returns from Research", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 47, No. 4, July-August, 2004, pp. 12-18

Christodoulou, Chris, "Australian Industry: Sophisticated Plan ning and Weak R&D", Long Range Planning, Vol. 21, No. 1, February, 1988, pp. 82-89

Clark, K.B., "What Strategy Can Do for Technology", Harvard Business Review, Vol. 67, No. 6, November-December, 1989, pp. 94- 98

Clarke, Ken, Ford, David and Saren, Mike, "Company Technology Strategy", R&D Management, Vol. 19, No. 3, July, 1989, pp. 215- 229

Clarke, Ken, Ford, David, Saren, Mike and Thomas, Richard, "Technology Strategy in UK Firms", Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, September, 1995, pp. 169-190

Clarke, Pat, "Implementing a Knowledge Strategy for Your Firm", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 41, No. 2, March-April, 1998, pp. 28-31

Clarke, Thomas E., "Danger - Management Fad Ahead!", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 40, No. 1, January-February, 1997, p. 8

Coates, D., "Putting Core Competency Thinking into Practice", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 11, Nos. 3/4, 1996, pp. 441-451

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