Section Twelve

Entrepreneurs/Intrapreneurs, Small High-Tech Firms
And Venture Management in Large Science-Based Firms

TOPICS INCLUDED IN THIS SECTION INCLUDE:


Modified : February 11, 2022

Abetti, Pier A., "Informal Corporate Entrepreneurship: Implications from the Failure of the Concorde Alloy Foundry and the Success of the Toshiba Laptop", International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, Vol. 4, No. 6, 2004, pp. 529-545

Abetti, Pier A., "The Birth and Growth of the Japanese Language Word Processor: Internal Venturing in Toshiba Corporation", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 18, Nos. , 1999, pp. 114-132

Abetti, P.A., "Planning and Building the Infrastructure for Technological Entrepreneurship", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 7, Nos. 1-3, 1992, pp. 129-139

Abetti, P.A. and Savoy, R.W., "Management Assistance to Technological Entrepreneurs: Three Years of Field Experience at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute", Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Management of Technology, Miami, FL, February 17-21, 1992, Norcross, GA: Industrial Engineering and Management Press, Vol. 1, pp. 556-564

Abetti, P.A. and Wheeler, P.A., "Planning and Building the Infrastructure for Technological Entrepreneurship: Field Studies in the U.S.A., France and Mexico", in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1990, Wellesley, MA: Babson College Center for Entrepreneurial Studies, 1991, pp. 422-436

Ackroyd, Stephen, "On the Structure and Dynamics of Some Small, UK-based Information Technology Firms", Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 32, No. 2, March, 1995, pp. 141-161

Acs, Zoltan J., "Public Policies to Support New Technology-based Firms (NTBFs)", Science and Public Policy, Vol. 26, No. 4, August, 1999, pp. 247-257

Acs, Z.J. and Audretsch, D.B., "Innovation and Small Firms", Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990

Acs, Z.J. and Audretsch, D.B., "Small Firms in U.S. Manufacturing: A First Report", Economics Letters, Vol. 31, No. , , 1989, pp. 399-402

Acs, Zoltan J., Audretsch, David B. and Feldman, Maryann, "R&D Spillovers and Recipient Firm Size", The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 76, No. 2, May, 1994, pp. 336-340

Acs, Zoltan J., Carlsson, Bo and Karlsson, Charlie, eds., "Entrepreneurship, Small & Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Macro-economy", Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 1999

Adams, R.M., "An Approach to New Business Ventures", Research Management, Vol. 12, No. 4, July 1969, pp. 255-270

Adjebeng-Asem, Selina, "Technical Entrepreneurship and Socio- economic Development: The Nigerian Experience", Technovation, Vol. 10, No. 4, June, 1990, pp. 213-234

Ali, Abdul, Krapfel Jr., Robert and LaBahn, Douglas, "Product Innovativeness and Entry Strategy: Impact on Cycle Time and Break-even Time", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 12, No. 1, January, 1995, pp. 54-69

Allen, Stephen A. and Hevert, Kathleen T., "Venture Capital Investing by Information Technology Companies: Did It Pay?", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 22, No. 2, March, 2007, pp. 262-282

Almus, M. and Nerlinger, E., "Growth of New Technology-Based Firms: Which Factors Matter?", Small Business Economics, Vol. 13, 1999, pp. 141-154

Alonso, Jose and Gillin, L.M., "Mathematical Visualization and Analysis Techniques for Entrepreneurship Studies: Image Processing in the United States, Europe, Japan and Australia", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 11, No. 2, January-March, 1994, pp. 46-60

Amesse, Fernand, Desranleau, Claude, Etemad, Hamid, Fortier, Yves and Sequin-Dulude, Luise, "The Individual Inventor and the Role of Entrepreneurship: A Survey of the Canadian Evidence", Research Policy, Vol. 20, No. 1, February, 1991, pp. 29-43

Amit, Raphael, Glosten, Lawrence and Muller, Eitan, "Does Venture Capital Foster the Most Promising Entrepreneurial Firms", California Management Review, Vol. 32, No. 3, Spring, 1990, pp. 102- 111

Amit, Raphael, MacCrimmon, Kenneth R., Zietsma, Charlene and Oesch, John M., "Does Money Matter? Wealth Attainment as the Motive for Initiating Growth-oriented Technology Ventures", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 16, No. 2, May, 2001, pp. 119-13

Apke, T.M., "Packaging the R&D Limited Partnership to Get the Investors You Need", SAM Advanced Management Journal, Vol. 49, No. 2, Spring, 1984, pp. 20-24

Apke, T.M., "What to Consider in a Research and Development Tax Shelter Before Investing", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 22, No. 1, January, 1984, pp. 4-7

Aram, J.D., "Attitudes and Behaviors of Informal Investors Toward Early-stage Investments, Technology-Based Ventures and Coinvestors", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 4, No. 5, September, 1989, pp. 333-341

Arbaugh, J.B. and Sexton, Donald L., "Assessing Present Practices for Defense Conversion in Small to Medium-Sized Firms", Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 20, No. 1, April, 1995, pp. 84-92

Arora, Ashish and Gambardella, Afonso, "Evaluating Technological Information and Utilizing It", Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Vol. 24, No. 1, June, 1994, pp. 91-114

Astebro, Thomas, "Key Success Factors for Technological Entrepreneurs' R&D Projects", IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 51, No. 3, August, 2004, pp. 314-321

Atuahene-Gima, Kwaku, "Product Innovation Strategy and the Performance of New Technology Ventures in China", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 44, No. 6, December, 2001, pp. 1123-1134

Atuahene-Gima, Kwaku, "Buying Technology for Product Development in Smaller Firms", Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 22, No. 3, August, 1993, pp. 223-232

Atuahene-Gima, Kwaku, Li, Haiyang, and De Luca, Luigi, M., "The Contingent Value of Marketing Strategy Innovativeness for Product Development Performance in Chinese New Technology Ventures", Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 35, No. 3, Special Issue, April, 2006, pp. 359-372

Audretsch, D., "Sustaining Innovation and Growth: Public Policy Support for Entrepreneurship", Industry and Innovation, Vol. 11, No. 3, 2004, pp. 167-191

Audretsch, D.B., "New-Firm Survival and the Technological Regime", The Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 73, No. 3, August, 1991, pp. 441-450

Auerswald, P.E. and Branscomb, Lewis E., "Start-ups and Spin-offs: The Role of the Entrepreneur in Technology-based Innovation", in The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy: Governance, Start-Ups, and Growth in the Knowledge Economy, David Hart, ed., Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2003

Autio, E., "New, Technology-based Firms in Innovation Networks Symplectic and Generative Impacts", Research Policy, Vol. 26, No. 3, October, 1997, pp. 263-281

Autio, Erkko, "New, Technology-based Firms as Agents of R&D and Innovation: an Empirical Study", Technovation, Vol. 14, No. 4, May, 1994, pp. 259-273

Autio, Erkko and Yli-Renko, Helena, "New, Technology-based Firms in Small Open Economiies - An Analysis Based on the Finnish Experience", Research Policy, Vol. 26, No. 9, April, 1998, pp. 973-987

Autio, Erkko, Yli-Renko, H. and Sapienza, H., "Leveraging Resources Under Threat of Opportunism: Predicting Networking in International Growth of New, Technology Based Firms", Paper presented at the 42nd ICSB World Conference, San Francisco, June, 21-23, 1997

Avlonitis, George J. and Salavou, Helen E., "Entrepreneurial Orientation of SMEs, Product Innovativeness, and Performance", Journal of Business Research, Vol. 60, No. 5, May, 2007, pp. 566-575

Bahrami, Homa and Evans, Stuart, "Stratocracy in High Technology Firms", California Management Review, Vol. 30, No. 1, Fall, 1987, pp. 51-66

Baldwin, John and Gellatly, Guy, "Innovation Strategies and Performance in Small Firms", Edward Elgar, 2003

Bania, N., Eberts, R. and Fogarty, M., "Universities and the Start-Up of New Companies: Can We Generalize from Route 128 and Silicon Valley?", Review of Economics and Statisics, Vol. , 1993, pp. 761-766

Bantel, Karen A., "Technology-based, Adolescent Firm Configurations: Strategy Identification, Context, and Performance", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 13, 1998, pp. 205-230

Bantel, Karen A., "Determinants of Growth in Entrepreneurial, Technology-based Small Firms", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 11, No. 1, October-December, 1993, pp. 55-61

Baraldi, Enrico and Havenvid, Malena Ingamansson, "Identifying New Dimensions of Business Incubation: A Multi-level Analysis of Karolinska Institute's Incubation System", Technovation, Vols. 50-51, April-May, 2016, pp. 53-68

Baron, James N. and Hannan, Michael T., "Organizational Blueprints for Success in High-Tech Start-Ups", California Management Review, Vol. 44, No. 3, Spring, 2002, pp. 8-36

Barry, Bernard, "The Development of Organization in the Entrepreneurial Concern", Proceedings of the International Symposium on Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development, Cincinnati, OH, June, 1975, pp. 509-512

Bart, C.K., "New Venture Units: Use Them Wisely to Manage Innovation", Sloan Management Review, Vol. 29, No. 4, Summer, 1988, pp. 35-43

Bart, C.K., "Organizing for New Product Development", The Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 9, No. 4, July/August, 1988, pp. 34-38

Baum, J.A.C. and Silverman, B.S., "Picking Winners or Building Them? Alliance, Intellectual, and Human Capital as Selection Criteria in Venture Financing and Performance of Biotechnology Startups", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 19, No. 3, May, 2004, pp. 411-436

Baum, J.A.C., Calabrese, T. and Silverman, B.S., "Don't Go It Alone: Alliance Network Composition and Start-ups' Performance in Canadian Biotechnology", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 21, 2000, pp. 267-294

Baum, J. Robert, Olian, J.D., Erez, Miriam, Smith Ken A., et al, "Nationality and Work Role Interactions: A Cultural Contrast of Israeli and U.S. Entrepreneurs' versus Manager's Needs", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 8, No. 6, November, 1993, pp. 499-512

Baumbeck, C. and Mancuso, J., eds., "Entrepreneurship and Venture Management", Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1975

Baumol, W.J., "Formal Entrepreneurship Theory in Economics: Existence and Bounds", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 8, No. 3, May, 1993, pp. 197-210

Beamish, P.W. and Munro, H.J., "Exporting for Success as a Small Canadian Manufacturer", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 4, No. 4, Spring, 1987, pp. 38-43

Bean, A.S., Schiffel, D.D. and Mogee, M.E., "The Venture Capital Market and Technological Innovation", Research Policy, Vol. 4, No. 4, October, 1975, pp. 380-408

Becerra-Fernandez, Irma, Taylor, Ann, Buckingham, Gregg, Kinney, Frank, Brown, Doris and Entessari, Abbass, "The NASA/Florida Minority Institution Entrepreneurial Partnership: An Infrastructure to Enable Technology Transfer to Small Business", Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 25, No. 2, June, 2000, pp. 193-203

Becker, Barbara and Gassmann, Oliver, "Gaining Leverage Effects from Knowledge Modes within Corporate Incubators", R&D Management, Vol. 36, No. 1, January, 2006, pp. 1-16

Beckman, Christine M., Burton, M. Diane and O'Reilly, "Early Teams: The Impact of Team Demography on VC Financing and Going Public", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 22, No. 2, March, 2007, pp. 147-173

Beel, C.G., "High-Tech Ventures: The Guide for Entrepreneurial Success", Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 1991

Beer, Henri, "Living from Invention", ChemTech, Vol. 9, No. 3, March, 1979, pp. 150-155

Beninger, Brian, "Issues in Innovation and Technology Transfer", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 4, No. 3, Winter, 1986/87, pp. 51-54

Bentley, Kathleen, "A Discussion of the Link Between One Organization's Style and Structure and Its Connection with Its Market", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 7, No. 1, January, 1990, pp. 19-34

Berg, J.H., "Fall-Out and Its Use", ChemTech, Vol. 4, No. 5, May, 1974, pp. 278-281

Berg, S.V., Duncan, Jerome and Friedman, Philip, "Joint Venture Strategies and Corporate Innovation", Cambridge, MA: Oelgoschlager, Gunn & Hain, 1982

Berger, R.E., Little, C.J. and Saavedra, P.J., "Commercialization Activities in the SBIR Program (Part 1)", Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 17, No. 4, Fall, 1992, pp. 27-39; "Changes Over Time (Part 2)", pp. 40-44

Berry, M.M.J., "Technical Entrepreneurship, Strategic Awareness and Corporate Transformation in Small High-tech Firms", Technovation, Vol. 16, No. 9, September, 1996, pp. 487-498

Berry, Maureen M.J. and Taggart, James H., "Combining Technology and Corporate Strategy in Small High Tech Firms", Research Policy, Vol. 26, Nos. 7/8, April, 1998, pp. 883-895

Birchall, D., Chanaron, J. and Sonderquist, K., "Managing Innovation in SMEs: A Comparison of Companies in the UK, France and Portugal", International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1996, pp. pp. 291-305

Bishop, Tony and Onassis, Iason, "Gene Therapy for Tortoises", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 44, No. 6, November-December, 2001, pp. 16-21

Blake, C.G. and Saleh, S.D., "A Model of Entrepreneurial Venture Performance", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 9, No. 4, July-September, 1992, pp. 19-26

Blau, John, "Entrepreneurship Popping in Silicon Fjörd", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 50, No. 4, July-August, 2007, pp. 2-3

Blaydon, Chris, Keogh, William and Evans, Gary, "Management Skills Development in R&D Based NTBFs: Assisting Managers to Manage", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 5, No. 4, 1999, pp. 173-190

Block, Zenas and MacMillan, Ian C., "Corporate Venturing: Creating New Businesses within the Firm", Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1993

Blomqvist, Kirsimarja, Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, Pia, Nummela, Niina, and Saarenketo, Sami, "The Role of Trust and Contracts in the Internationalization of Technology-intensive Born Globals", Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Vol. 25, Nos. 1/2, March-June, 2008, pp. 123-135

Boag, D.A., "Marketing Control and Performance in Early-Growth Companies", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 2, No. 4, Fall, 1987, pp. 365-379

Boag, D.A. and Rinholm, B.L., "New Product Management Practices of Small High Technology Firms", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 6, No. 2, June, 1989, pp. 109-122

Bodde, David L. and Greene, Michael, "The Art of the Hypothetical Entrepreneurship as an Empirical Guide to Policy", Technology in Society, Vol. 21, No. 3, August, 1999, pp. 247-262Boeker, Warren, "The Development and Institutionalization of Subunit Power in Organizations", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 34, No. 3, September, 1988, pp. 388-410

Bodde, David L., "The Intentional Entrepreneur - Bringing Technology and Engineering to the Real New Economy", Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 2004

Bogle, G.T. and Reuber, A.R., "Issues Involved in the Financing of Canadian Biotechnology Firms by Venture Capitalists", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 9, No. 2, January- March, 1992, pp. 2-13

Bollinger, Lynn, Hope, Katherine and Utterback, J.M., "A Review of Literature and Hypotheses on New Technology-Based Firms", Research Policy, Vol. 12, No. 1, February, 1983, pp. 1-14

Bolzani, Daniela, Munari, Federico, Rasmussne, Einar and Toschi, Laura, "Technology Transfer Offices as Providers of Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Education", The Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 46, No. 2, April, 2021, pp. 335-365

Bommer, Michael and Jalajas, David, "The Innovation Work Environment of High-tech SMEs in the USA and Canada", R&D Management, Vol. 32, No. 5, November, 2002, pp. 379-386

Bourgeois III, L.J. and Eisenhardt, K.M., "Strategic Decision Processes in Silicon Valley: The Anatomy of a `Living Dead'", California Management Review, Vol. 30, No. 1, Fall, 1987, pp. 143-159

Bowman-Upton, Nancy, Seaman, S.L. and Sexton, D.L., "Innovation Evaluation Programs: Do They Help the Inventors", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 27, No. 3, July, 1989, pp. 23-30

Brandt, S.C., "Entrepreneuring in Established Companies", Homewood, IL: Dow-Jones, Irwin, 1986

Branscomb, Lewis M. and Auerswald, P.E., "Between Invention and Innovation: An Analysis of Funding for Early-stage Technology Development", NIST Report GCR 02-841, Gaitherburg, MD, 2002

Branscomb, Lewis M. and Auerswald, P.E., "Taking Technical Risks: How Innovators, Executives and Investors Manage High-Tech Risks", Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001

Bright, W.M., "Are Innovators Born or Made?", Research Management, Vol. 12, No. 3, May, 1969, pp. 173-180

Brink, Tove, "The Impact of Growth of Outside-In and Inside-Out Innovation in SME Network Contexts", International Journal of Innovation Management, Vol. 18, No. 4, August, 2014

Brockhaus, R.H., "Risk Taking Propensity of Entrepreneurs", Proceedings of the 36th Academy of Management, Kansas City, MO, August, 1976, pp. 457-460

Brockhaus, R.H., "Recycling the Unsuccessful Technical Entrepreneur", Proceedings of the International Symposium on Entrepreneurship and Enterprise Development, Cincinnati, OH, June, 1975, pp. 79-84

Brown, D.W., "Analyzing New Ventures", Innovation, No. 30, April, 1972, pp. 30-37

Brown, M.A., "The Cost of Commercializing Energy Inventions", Research Policy, Vol. 19, No. 2, April, 1990, pp. 147-155

Bruno, A.V. and Cooper, A.C., "Patterns of Development and Acquisitions for Silicon Valley Startups", Technovation, Vol. 1, No. 4, August, 1982, pp. 275-290

Bruno, A.V. and Leidecker, J.K., "Causes of New Venture Failure: 1960s vs. 1980s", Business Horizons, Vol. 31, No. 6, November- December, 1988, pp. 51-56

Bruno, A.V. and Tyebjee, T.T., "The Entrepreneur's Search for Capital", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 1, No. 1, Winter, 1985, pp. 61-74

Bruno, A.V. and Tyebjee, T.T., "The One that Got Away: A Study of Ventures Rejected by Venture Capitalists", in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, J.A. Hornaday et al, eds., Wellesley, MA: Babson College, 1982, pp. 289-306

Bruno, A.V., McQuarrie, E.F. and Torgrimson, C.G., "The Evolution of New Technology Ventures Over 20 Years: Patterns of Failure, Merger, and Survival", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 7, No. 4, July, 1992, pp. 291-302

Bruton, G.D., "Incubators as a Small Business Support in Russia: Contrast of University-related U.S. Incubators with the Zelenograd Scientific and Technology Park", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 36, No. 1, 1998, pp. 91-94

Bryant, M.J., Estrin, T.L. and Kantor, Jeffrey, "Timing the Adoption of New Technology: A Consideration for Small Firms", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 7, No. 3, April-June, 1990, pp. 31-39

Buderi, Robert, "Lucent Ventures Into the Future", Technology Review, Vol. , November/ December, 2000, pp. 94-102

Bullock, M.,"Academic Enterprise, Industrial Innovation, and the Development of High Technology Financing in the United States", London: Brand Bros. & Co., 1983

Burch, J.G., "Profiling the Entrepreneur", Business Horizons, Vol. 29, No. 5, September/October, 1986, pp. 13-16

Burgelman, R.A., "Managing Corporate Entrepreneurship: New Structures for Implementing Technological Innovation", Technology In Society, Vol. 7, Nos. 2/3, 1985, pp. 91-103

Burgelman, R.A., "Managing the New Venture Division: Research Findings and Implications for Strategic Management", Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, January-March, 1985, pp. 39-54

Burgelman, R.A., "Managing the Internal Corporate Venturing Process", Sloan Management Review, Vol. 25, No. 2, Winter, 1984, pp. 33-48

Burgelman, R.A., "Designs for Corporate Entrepreneurship In Established Firms", California Management Review, Vol. 26, No. 3, Spring, 1984, pp. 154-166

Burnside, Michael, "Gazing Into Future in Biotechnology", les Nouvelles, Vol. 21, No. 1, March, 1986, pp. 27-33

Burrill, G.S., "High-Tech Guru Steven Burrill on High-Tech Start- ups", High Technology Business, Vol. 9, No. 9, November-December, 1989, pp. 20-23

Burrows, B.C., "Venture Management - Success or Failure?", Long Range Planning, Vol. 15, No. 6, December, 1982, pp. 84-99

Bush, Vannevar, "Of Inventions and Inventors", Research Management, Vol. 14, No. 4, July, 1971, pp. 27-36

Bygrave, W.D., "Syndicated Investments by Venture Capital Firms: A Networking Perspective", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 2, No. 2, Spring, 1987, pp. 139-154

Bygrave, W.D., Hay, M. and Peter, J.B.,"The Venture Capital Handbook", London: Prentice Hall, 1999

Bygrave, W.D., Timmons, J.A. and Fast, N.D., "Feed and Start-Up Venture Capital Investing in Technological Companies", in Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, J.A. Hornaday, Fred Tarpley Jr., J.A. Timmons, and K.H. Vesper, eds., Wellesley, MA: Center for Entrepreneurial Studies, Babson College, 1984

Caird, Sally, "How Important is the Innovator for the Commercial Success of Innovative Products in SMEs?", Technovation, Vol. 14, No. 2, March, 1994, pp. 71-83

Caird, Sally, "What Support is Needed by Innovative Small Business?", Journal of General Management, Vol. 18, No. 2, Winter, 1992, pp. 45-68

Calish, I.G. and Gamache, R.D., "Wizards and Champions: The Kingdom of New Venture Management", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 1, No. 4, December, 1984, pp. 238-241

Camp, S.M. and Sexton, D.L., "Trends in Venture Capital Investment: Implications for High-Technology Firms", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 30, No. 3, July, 1992, pp. 11-19

Camp, S.M. and Sexton, D.L., "Entrepreneurial Innovation in High Technology Firms", Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Management of Technology, Miami, Florida, February 17-21, 1992, Norcross, GA: Industrial Engineering and Management Press, Vol. 1, pp. 527-535

Campelo de Melo, M. Angela, de Macedo-Soares, T. Diana L.v.A. and Pastor-Braga, Paulo Jacinto, "Options for Increasing Competitiveness, Quality and Productivity: The Case of the Brazilian Computer Industry", Technovation, Vol.13, No. 6, September, 1993, pp. 367-382

Carayannis, Elias G. and von Zedtwitz, Maximilian, "Architecting GloCal (Global-Local), Real-virtual Incubator Networks (G-RVINs) as Catalysts and Accelerators of Entrepreneurship in Transitioning and Developing Economies: Lessons Learned and Best Practices from Current Development and Business Incubation Practices", Technovation, Vol. 25, No. 2, February, 2005, pp. 95-110

Carayannis, Elias G., Kassicieh, Suleiman K. and Radosevich, Raymond, "Strategic Alliances as a Source of Early-stage Seed Capital in New Technology-based Firms", Technovation, Vol. 20, No. 11, November, 2000, pp. 603-615

Cardozo, Richard, McLaughlin, Karen, Harmon, Brian, Reynolds, Paul and Miller, Brenda, "Product-Market Choices and Growth of New Businesses", Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 10, No. 4, September, 1993, pp. 331-340

Carson, David, "Some Exploratory Models for Assessing Small Firms' Marketing Performance (A Qualitative Approach)", European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 24, No. 11, 1990, pp. 2-51

Casson, Mark, "The Entrepreneur - An Economic Theory", Oxford: Martin Robertson, 1983

Castillo, Ruth E.R. and Smida, Ali, "The Formation of Organizational Social Capital into Technology-based Micro Enterprises", Contaduria y Administacion, Vol. 60, Supplement 1, October-December, 2015, pp. 57-81

Chakrabarti, A.K., "Industry Characteristics Influencing the Technical Output: A Case of Small and Medium Size Firms in the US", R&D Management, Vol. 21, No. 2, April, 1991, pp. 139-152

Chell, Elizabeth and Allman, Kurt, "Mapping the Motivations and Intentions of Technology Oriented Entrepreneurs", R&D Management, Vol. 33, No. 2, March, 2003, pp. 117-134

Chesborough, Henry, "The Governance and Performance of Xerox's Technology Spin-off Companies", Research Policy, Vol. , March, 2003, pp. 403-421

Chesborough, Henry W., "Graceful Exits and Missed Opportunities: Xerox's Management of its Technology Spin-off Organizations", Business History Review, Vol. 76, No. 4, 2002, pp. 803-837

Chesborough, Henry W., "Making Sense of Corporate Venture Capital", Harvard Business Review, March, 2002, pp. 90-99

Chesborough, Henry and Socolof, Stephen, "Sustaining Venture Creation from Industrial Laboratories", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 46, No. 4, July-August, 2003, pp. 16-19

Chesbrough, Henry W. and Socolof, Stephen J., "Creating New Ventures from Bell Labs Technologies", Research-Technology Management, Vol. 43, No. 2, March-April, 2000, pp. 13-17

Cheyre, Cristobel, Klepper, Steven and Voloso, Francisco, "Spinoffs and the Mobility of U.S. Merchant Semiconductor Inventors", Management Science, Vol. 61, No. 3, March, 2015, pp. 487-506

Choi, Young Rok and Shephard, Dean A., "Entrepreneurs' Decisions to Exploit Opportunities", Journal of Management, Vol. 30, No. 3, 2004, pp. 377-395

Chung, K.B., "The Evolving Roles of Small Manufacturing Firms in an Industrializing Economy", Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, Vol. 9, No. 3, April-June, 1992, pp. 60-69

Clark, B.W., Davis, C.H. and Harnish, V.C., "Do Courses in Entrepreneurship Aid In New Venture Creation?", Journal of Small Business Management, Vol. 22, No. 2, April, 1984, pp. 26-31

Clarke, Thomas E., and Reavley, Jean, "Educating Technological Innovators and Technical Entrepreneurs at Canadian Universities", Discussion Paper, The Science Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, May, 1987

Clarke, T.E. and Reavley, Jean, "Educating Technical Entrepreneurs and Innovators for the 1980s", Technovation, Vol. 1, No. 2, August, 1981, pp. 125-134

Clarysse, Bart and Bruneel, Johan, "Nurturing and Growing Innovative Start-ups: the Role of Policy as Integrator", R&D Management, Vol. 37, No. 2, March, 2007, pp. 139-149

Clarysse, Bart, Wright, Mike, Lockett, Andy, van de Velde, Els and Vohora, Ajay, "Spinning Out New Ventures: A Typology of Incubation Strategies from European Research Institutions", Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 20, No. 2 (Special Issue), March, 2005, pp. 183-216

Clouse, V.G.H., "A Decision-based Approach to the Investigation of New Venture Activity", Technovation, Vol. 11, No. 4, May, 1991, pp. 205-217

Cohen, A.B., "New Venture Development at Du Pont", Long Range Planning, Vol. 2, No. 4, June, 1970, pp. 7-10

Cohen, A.B.,"Venture Management", Proceedings of the Management of Technological Innovation Conference, University of Bradford Management Centre, Bradford, England, 1969

Collier, D.W., "The Creative Link Between Market and Technology", ChemTech, Vol. 5, No. 2, February, 1975, pp. 90-93

Collier, D.W., "Research-Based Venture Companies - The Link Between Market and Technology", Research Management, Vol. 17, No. 3, May, 1974, pp. 16-20

Collinson, Simon, "Managing Product Innovation at Sony: The Development of the Data Discman", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, No. 3, 1993, pp. 285-306

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